Linux vs Windows | A detailed comparison between Ubuntu And Windows. Linux vs Windows has been a subject of debate since the inception of computers. This article highlights the pros and cons of both the operating systems, given a set of requirements, it also attempts to show you which OS would be best suited for you. I have made an attempt to write this article without much tech- laden jargon, so for those of you are not very computer savvy, it will help you make informed decisions. For this article, I will be comparing Windows 7 and Ubuntu 1. The most popular Linux distribution. We will be comparing the operating systems from an average user’s perspective and not that of a systems administrator. Let me begin with an introduction of the Linux operating system as I imagine many of you must be pretty new to this. In fact, a common misconception is that Linux is ‘ridiculously complicated’. While I admit getting used to Linux may take a while for an average windows user, it is definitely easy to use. ![]() ![]() How to Install & Configure Canon ScanGear Tool. Setting it up to enable the Canon copiers to be able to scan directly from the copy machine to the computer. Adobe is changing the world through digital experiences. We help our customers create, deliver and optimize content and applications. From Nitro PDF Software: Use PDF Download to do whatever you like with PDF files on the Web and regain control. Web to PDF--Convert any Web pages to high-quality PDF. The podcast craze of the past several years shows no signs of slowing down, and while every armchair broadcaster with a voice recorder app is eager to get in the game. Linux comes in various flavours, also known as ‘distributions’. The most popular Linux distribution is ‘Ubuntu’, pronounced as ‘oo- boon- tu‘. You may notice that there are more screenshots of Ubuntu than Windows 7, since I presume that everyone reading this would already be familiar with Windows 7. So lets being the comparison: 1) Look and feel - Here is the home screen of windows 7 and Ubuntu 1. Since the ‘look and feel’ is a personal choice, I leave it up to you to decide which is better. Personally, I try not to pay attention to the looks of the operating system so much as the functionality and the features. Bundled software - Windows 7 by default has very minimal software set, the basic features that we need – word processor, spread sheet and a presentation software are not present. You’ll have to purchase and install the MS Office suite separately, this is something that should be bundled with the operating system. The question I ask is “What good is an operating system, if it doesn’t provide the basic features?”On the other hand Ubuntu 1. Libre. Office suite (a Microsoft Office Equivalent) preinstalled. It also has F- spot, an image editing program that and an Instant messaging client called Empathy – that has chat provisioning for Facebook, G- Talk, Yahoo,MSN and VOIP capabilities all under a single application. Drivers – One of the biggest advantages of Linux is its built- in driver set, or rather the ability of automatically downloading and installing them. This includes the drivers for your webcam, Wi- Fi, Ethernet Card, even your printer or scanner! We all know drivers is a big pain that comes when completing a fresh install of Windows 7. With Linux, there is rarely any need to download the drivers manually. Linux also has the ability to download proprietary drivers (The ones from Nvidia and ATI), unlike windows where we have to manually download and install a driver for everything. Find internships and employment opportunities in the largest internship marketplace. Search paid internships and part time jobs to help start your career. LookInMyPC is a free utility that allows users to generate complete and comprehensive profiles, audits, and diagnostic reports on their computers. Media - Windows comes with Windows media player, which is pretty much useless without codecs, as majority of the videos/movies that we watch require codecs like Xvid. So there is a need to download a codec pack before Windows media player becomes fully functional. Ubuntu is bundled with Movie Player, and also requires downloading codecs. However, in both the operating systems, it is very easy to watch videos by simply installing VLC media player. Installing third party software – When it comes to installing third party software, the steps required to install a software in Ubuntu is considerably less. An illustration is shown here of installing software in Ubuntu. Ubuntu has a utility called Ubuntu software centre. The price tag may well put off casual customers, however the Brother MFC-J6910DW A3 inkjet multifunction printer provides high quality and wide-ranging features. Technology keeps you connected everywhere you go, helps you capture every moment & makes your life a bit easier; stay up-to-date with tips & tricks from eHow. This is one of the most loved features by Ubuntu users. It is as simple as installing an app in your phone from i. Tunes store or Android Market (now rebranded to Google Play). Just select the software that you need, hit install, and the software is ready to use. It is clear from the screen shots, that installing software in Ubuntu is a lot simpler than it is in windows. Moreover, Ubuntu will check for any dependencies that the software needs and it will be installed automatically. However, an argument can be made for computers that don’t have internet access, ease of installing software in Windows outmatches as that of Ubuntu, as it is viewed a very complicated process that includes the terminal (command line interface). Although, it is very unlikely that someone will be without internet access these days. Minimum Requirements - Windows 7 requires a minimum of 1. Mhz processor with 1. GB of RAM, while Ubuntu requires a minimum of 7. Mhz processor with 3. MB RAM. While these are the official requirements, in practice, the requirements are considerably higher. From my experience, If you install both the operating systems on identical hardware, Ubuntu’s performance is significantly higher than that of Windows 7. In fact, if you were to pull out a 7 year old computer from a junkyard, Ubuntu will work flawlessly. Moreover, the boot time of Ubuntu is considerably less than its Windows 7 counterpart. Ever wondered why the world’s fastest computer runs Linux and not Windows? Security - I have been using Windows since windows the days of Windows 9. I can tell you that Windows 7 has some pretty good security features that, if implemented properly, can give you quite a secure system to work with. Its firewall has advanced features that you can configure. However, there are many who believe that Windows still remains a weak operating system from a security standpoint. Linux on the other hand , has always been a secure operating system since the early days. It has often been the subject of debate that an open source operating system cannot be as secure as a proprietary one, but Linux has proved that belief to be untrue. Overall, I believe that Linux offers much more security by default. Access Privileges - Linux by default does not run as a root (the Windows ‘administrator’ equivalent) This ensures that any automated program or script cannot make changes to the system without explicit privileges from the user. Although Windows has implemented a similar mechanism called ‘User Account Control or UAC’, Which does provide good protection although not as robust as Linux does. Viruses - Viruses and other malware continue to be a constant headache for windows users. Combating viruses is not only time consuming, but also expensive when we talk about using Windows in a large scale production environment. Moreover, there is always a need to purchase expensive antivirus software with yearly subscriptions, punching additional holes in your pocket. Linux on the other hand has significantly less number of viruses, so you are considerable less likely to get infected. In fact, I am yet to hear this from a friend or a fellow systems administrator, that they are using Linux, and that it has been infected! Overall Security - Overall, I believe that Linux will always be much more secure than Windows operating system given the fact that its open- source. It would interest you to know that there is something called as the ‘Linus Law’ – named after the creator of the Linux kernel Linus Torvalds , which states : given enough eyeballs, all bugs are shallow. In simple terms it means given a large number of developers and beta testers, every problem will be identified quickly and that the solution of that problem will be obvious to someone. I completely agree with this. Availability of Software - Since Ubuntu/Linux has a relatively less market share, availability of popular software for Ubuntu is a major concern. Some users are forced to stay with windows since their favourite software is not available on the Linux platform. Though this has recently changed and many commonly used programs have now been ported to Ubuntu. However, some advanced commercial software like the Adobe suite (Dreamweaver,Photoshop etc.) is not available on Linux, due to which, thousands of web developers and designers choose Windows over Linux. Gaming - Gaming support is another aspect of an operating system. While Linux does have many games, it certainly cannot match Windows 7 in this area. Most of the high- end games have been built for the Windows platform, that make extensive use of Microsoft Direct. X. So its not hard to say that Windows 7 should be definitely your choice if you are a gamer. Ease of use - This is the part that worries most users who are used to the Windows 7 User interface.
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At line: 1 char: 1. ![]() · Everything you want to know about Visual Studio ALM and Farming. ![]() Category. Info : Object. Not. Found: (if: String) [], Command. · The term 'if' is not recognized as the name of a cmdlet, function, script file. NET Framework (pronounced dot net) is a software framework developed by Microsoft that runs primarily on Microsoft Windows. It includes a large class library named. MSDN Magazine Issues and Downloads. Read the magazine online, download a formatted digital version of each issue, or grab sample code and apps. 180 thoughts on “ PKI Certificate Verification Management Pack for SCOM 2012 ” Henrik.M.Andersen September 1, 2009 at 3:23 am. Hi! It seems to be a really neat MP. ![]() Not. Found. E xception + Fully. Qualified. Error. Id : Command. Not. Found. Exception Fixed code is like this (adding a %{} wrapper): C..\windowspowershell> 1,2,3 | %{if ($_ - eq 2) {$_}}2. The largest Git repo on the planet. It’s been 3 months since I first wrote about our efforts to scale Git to extremely large projects and teams with an effort we called “Git Virtual File System”. As a reminder, GVFS, together with a set of enhancements to Git, enables Git to scale to VERY large repos by virtualizing both the . Rather than download the entire repo and checkout all the files, it dynamically downloads only the portions you need based on what you use. A lot has happened and I wanted to give you an update. Three months ago, GVFS was still a dream. I don’t mean it didn’t exist – we had a concrete implementation, but rather, it was unproven. We had validated on some big repos but we hadn’t rolled it out to any meaningful number of engineers so we had only conviction that it was going to work. Now we have proof. Today, I want to share our results. In addition, we’re announcing the next steps in our GVFS journey for customers, including expanded open sourcing to start taking contributions and improving how it works for us at Microsoft, as well as for partners and customers. Windows is live on Git. Over the past 3 months, we have largely completed the rollout of Git/GVFS to the Windows team at Microsoft. As a refresher, the Windows code base is approximately 3. M files and, when checked in to a Git repo, results in a repo of about 3. GB. Further, the Windows team is about 4,0. All 3 of the dimensions (file count, repo size and activity), independently, provide daunting scaling challenges and taken together they make it unbelievably challenging to create a great experience. Before the move to Git, in Source Depot, it was spread across 4. As of my writing 3 months ago, we had all the code in one Git repo, a few hundred engineers using it and a small fraction (< 1. Since then, we have rolled out in waves across the engineering team. The first, and largest, jump happened on March 2. Windows One. Core team of about 2,0. Those 2,0. 00 engineers worked in Source Depot on Friday, went home for the weekend and came back Monday morning to a new experience based on Git. People on my team were holding their breath that whole weekend, praying we weren’t going be pummeled by a mob of angry engineers who showed up Monday unable to get any work done. In truth, the Windows team had done a great job preparing backup plans in case of mishap and, thankfully, we didn’t have to use any of them. Much to my surprise, quite honestly, it went very smoothly and engineers were productive from day one. We had some issues, no doubt. For instance, Windows, because of the size of the team and the nature of the work, often has VERY large merges across branches (1. We discovered that first week that our UI for pull requests and merge conflict resolution simply didn’t scale to changes that large. We had to scramble to virtualize lists and incrementally fetch data so the UI didn’t just hang. We had it resolved within a couple of days and overall, sentiment that week was much better than we expected. One of the ways we measured our success was by doing surveys of the engineering team. The main question we asked was “How satisfied are you?” but, of course, we also mined a lot more detail. Two weeks into the rollout, our first survey resulted in: I’m not going to jump up and down and celebrate those numbers, but for a team that had just had their whole life changed, had to learn a new way of working and were living through a transition that was very much a work in progress, I felt reasonably good about it. Yes, it’s only 2. Another way we measured success was to look at “engineering activity” to see if people were still getting their work done. For instance, we measured number of “checkins” to official branches. Of course, half the team was still on Source Depot and half had moved to Git so we looked at combined activity over time. In the chart below you can see the big drop in Source Depot checkins and the big jump in Git pull requests but overall the sum of the two stayed reasonable consistent. We felt that the data showed that the system was working and there were no major blockers. On April 2. 2nd, we onboarded the next wave of about 1,0. And then on May 1. Each successive wave followed roughly the same pattern and we now have about 3,5. Windows engineers on Git. The remaining teams are currently working to deadlines and trying to figure out when is the best time to schedule their move, but I expect, in the next few months we’ll complete the full engineering team. The scale the system is operating at is really amazing. Let’s look at some numbers…There are over 2. Git commits in the history for this repo, over the past 4 months. As you can see, it’s just a tremendous amount of activity over an immensely large codebase. GVFS performance at scale. If you look at those satisfaction survey numbers, you’ll see there are people who aren’t happy yet. We have lots of data on why and there are many reasons – from tooling that didn’t support Git yet to frustration at having to learn something new. But, the top issue is performance, and I want to drill into that. We knew when we rolled out Git that lots of our performance work wasn’t done yet and we also learned some new things along the way. We track the performance of some of the key Git operations. Here is data collected by telemetry systems for the ~3,5. GVFS. You see the “goal” (which was designed to be a worst case, the system isn’t usable if it’s slower than this value, not a “this is where we want to be” value). You also see the 8. For context, if we tried this with “vanilla Git”, before we started our work, many of the commands would take 3. The fact that most of them are less than 2. When we first rolled it out, the results were much better. That’s been one of our key learnings. If you read my post that introduced GVFS, you’ll see I talked about how we did work in Git and GVFS to change many operations from being proportional to the number of files in the repo to instead be proportional to the number of files “read”. It turns out that, over time, engineers crawl across the code base and touch more and more stuff leading to a problem we call “over hydration”. Basically, you end up with a bunch of files that were touched at some point but aren’t really used any longer and certainly never modified. This leads to a gradual degradation in performance. Individuals can “clean up” their enlistment but that’s a hassle and people don’t, so the system gets slower and slower. That led us to embark upon another round of performance improvements we call “O(modified)” which changes the proportionality of many key commands to instead be proportional to the number of files I’ve modified (meaning I have current, uncommitted edits on). We are rolling these changes out to the org over the next week so I don’t have broad statistical data on the results yet but we do have good results from some early pilot users. I don’t have all the data but I’ve picked a few examples from the table above and copied the performance results into the column called “O(hydrated)”. I’ve added another column called O(modified) with the results for the same commands using the performance enhancements we are rolling out next week. All the numbers are in seconds. As you can see we are getting performance improvements across the board – some are small, some are ~2. X and status is almost 5. X faster. We’re very optimistic these improvements are going to move the needle on perf perception. I’m still not fully satisfied (I won’t be until Status is under 1 second), but it’s fantastic progress. Another key performance area that I didn’t talk about in my last post is distributed teams. Windows has engineers scattered all over the globe – the US, Europe, the Middle East, India, China, etc. Pulling large amounts of data across very long distances, often over less than ideal bandwidth is a big problem. To tackle this problem, we invested in building a Git proxy solution for GVFS that allows us to cache Git data “at the edge”. We have also used proxies to offload very high volume traffic (like build servers) from the main Visual Studio Team Services service to avoid compromising end user’s experiences during peak loads. Overall, we have 2. Git proxies (which, BTW, we’ve just incorporated into the existing Team Foundation Server Proxy) scattered around the world. Online Conversion Calculators for Weights and Measures. Skip to list of current calculators ]. Welcome to the Online Conversion Calculators section at free- online- calculator- use. This section was created for the purpose of helping you to calculate, retain, and understand the process of converting units of weights and measurements from one data type or scope to another. This ever- growing unit conversion calculator collection will eventually house all of the most popular online converters, including free converters for fractions, decimals, percents, binary, metric weights and measures, standard weights and measures, memory storage, area, distance, volume, and more. In addition to doing all of the conversion calculations for you, each weights and measures conversions page will attempt to explain how the conversion is done manually. Below are the current unit converters located in this section, all of which are dedicated to providing you with a one- stop resource for all of your most popular unit conversion needs. Current Online Conversion Calculators. Calculators that Convert Fractions, Decimals, and Percents. Decimal to Fraction Calculator for Converting Decimals to Fractions. ![]() Online Conversion Calculators for Weights and Measures Conversions [ Skip to list of current calculators] Welcome to the Online Conversion Calculators section at free.This free online conversion calculator will instantly convert a non- repeating decimal into a fraction and reduce the resulting fraction into simplest form - - including converting improper fractions to mixed numbers. Plus, the calculator will show its work and give a step- by- step summary of how it arrived at the answer. Also includes three different methods that serve to answer the question, "How to Convert Decimal to Fraction?". Fraction to Decimal Calculator for Converting Fractions to Decimals. This free online conversion calculator will reduce the entered fraction into simplest form and then convert the simplified fraction into a decimal number. Plus, the calculator will show all its work, including the reduction process and the long division you would use if you were converting fractions to decimals manually. Page also includes an example of the "Steps for Converting Fractions to Decimals.". ![]() Fraction to Percent Calculator for Converting Fractions to Percentages. This free online conversion calculator will reduce the entered fraction into simplest form and then convert the simplified fraction into a percentage. Plus, the converter will show all its work, including the reduction process and the long division you would use if you were converting fractions to percentages manually. Page also includes an example of the "Steps for Converting Fractions to Percentages.". Scientific Notation Converter to Convert To and From a Decimal Number. This conversion calculator will convert an exponential notation to regular notation, or convert regular notation to exponential (power of 1. 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Includes four methods of setting the conversion factor (number of servings, scale, original pan size to new pan size, or manual entry), plus provides a printer friendly page for printing out the recipe conversions. The printed report includes a column that lists the original quantities, and an optional column showing the metric equivalents. ![]() A Tabular Listing and Clinical Characteristics. Abstract. Dietary supplements (DS) are extensively consumed worldwide despite unproven efficacy. The true incidence of DS- induced liver injury (DSILI) is unknown but is probably under- diagnosed due to the general belief of safety of these products. Reported cases of herbals and DS- induced liver injury are increasing worldwide. (a) This part contains procedures and requirements governing the use of investigational new drugs, including procedures and requirements for the submission to, and.[Federal Register: October 7, 1996 (Volume 61, Number 195)] [Rules and Regulations] [Page 52601-52662] From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access. · Update on medical and regulatory issues pertaining to compounded and FDA-approved drugs, including hormone therapy. Functional use(s) - flavor and fragrance agents, carrier solvents. Has a balsamic type odor and an balsamic type flavor. Levitt-Safety - What's New. In its updated policy on drug and alcohol testing, the OHRC states that it is a legitimate goal for employers to have a safe workplace. UPDATE: In July 2011, FDA began a pilot program to notify people of drug recalls before they are classified in an effort to expedite notifications of human drug. The aim of this manuscript is to report a tabular listing with a description of DS associated with hepatotoxicity as well as review the phenotype and severity of DSILI. Natural remedies related to hepatotoxicity can be divided into herbal product- induced liver injury and DS- induced liver injury. In this article, we describe different DS associated with liver injury, some of them manufactured DS containing several ingredients (Herbalife™ products, Hydroxycut™, Lipo. Kinetix™, UCP- 1 and Oxy. ELITE™) while others have a single ingredient (green tea extract, linoleic acid, usnic acid, 1,3- Dimethylamylamine, vitamin A, Garcinia cambogia and ma huang). Additional DS containing some of the aforementioned ingredients implicated in liver injury are also covered. ![]() We have also included illicit androgenic anabolic steroids for bodybuilding in this work, as they are frequently sold under the denomination of DS despite being conventional drugs. Keywords: dietary supplements, liver injury, hepatotoxicity, anabolic steroids, green tea, Herbalife products, Hydroxycut, Oxyelite Pro, vitamin A, usnic acid. Introduction. Herbals and dietary supplements (HDS) are used to maintain or improve health. Regulation of herbal products may vary between different countries. In the European Union, the concepts of traditional herbal medicines and traditional plant food supplements are defined under different legal frameworks [1]. The European Directive 2. · Dietary supplements (DS) are extensively consumed worldwide despite unproven efficacy. The true incidence of DS-induced liver injury (DSILI) is unknown but. Satisfy OSHA regulations and ensure environmental health and safety with proven workplace safety / EH&S solutions. Introduction This article is about red and near-infrared light therapy for healing recent injuries and a few other possible things like fibromyalgia pain, dementia. Get the latest health news, diet & fitness information, medical research, health care trends and health issues that affect you and your family on ABCNews.com. EC released in 2. European Parliament and by the European Council provides the guidelines for the use of herbal medicines; where an herbal product is considered a medicinal product when presented as having properties for treating or preventing disease in human beings or when it has a pharmacological, immunological or metabolic action. It is the competence and responsibility of national authorities to decide, on a case- by- case basis, whether an herbal product fulfils the definition of medicinal product. On the other hand, herbal products marketed in the form of food supplements should comply with Directive 2. EC on food supplements and Regulation (EC) No 1. European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (http: //www. An herb may be considered a medicinal product or a dietary supplement (DS) depending on medical claims of a therapeutic indication [2]. In the United States (US), the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) of 1. DS or botanicals [3]. Therefore, they are regulated as food products and not subjected to the same premarket requirements for safety or efficacy. Although the real prevalence of HDS consumption is unknown, it is estimated that more than 5. US adult population uses HDS [4,5]. Besides, a recent survey made in Europe (Finland, Germany, Romania, Italy, Spain, and the United Kingdom (UK)) estimated that 1. DS, excluding herbal products [6]. However, HDS are not as safe as many people believe. These products can induce adverse effects including liver injury. Moreover, occurrence of HDS- related liver toxicity ranges from 2% to 1. DILI) Registries in Western countries with an increasing prevalence over time in the US [7,8,9,1. Besides, the number of illicit anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) inducing liver injury and submitted to the DILI Network (DILIN) in the US and to the Spanish DILI Registry has also increased in recent years [1. An even higher prevalence of HDS- DILI can be found in Asian countries where there is a widespread consumption of HDS, 7. Korea, 7. 1% in Singapore, and 4. China [1. 2,1. 3,1. Unlike what happens with conventional drugs that have the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system, an unresolved problem is the lack of a standard nomenclature or classification scheme for HDS. Stickel et al. classified HDS related to hepatotoxicity into two different groups: herbal- induced liver injury and dietary supplement induced liver injury (DSILI) [1. This author considers DS if consumed as an aid to improve nutritional status, to lose weight or to treat constipation [1. The DSHEA defines DS as any product intended to supplement, but not substitute the diet. Dietary supplements may contain one or more ingredients including vitamins, minerals, herbs, botanicals, aminoacids or extracts thereof [3]. Although herbals and DS sometimes overlap, the substances considered as DS associated with liver injury are Camellia sinensis (green tea extract), usnic acid, 1,3- Dimethylamylamine (1,3- DMAA), vitamin A, Herbalife products, Hydroxycut, Lipo. Kinetix, UCP- 1, Oxy. ELITE pro, and anabolic androgenic steroids [1. We also include in this list linoleic acid, ma huang and Garcinia cambogia, DS marketed for weight loss. DSILI is challenging due to the fact that these products are not regulated in the same way as prescription drugs are, and subsequently lack uniform criteria for manufacturing and authentication of this products. Probably, underreporting is even higher with DS than with DILI given that consumers and health care practitioners are not always aware of the possible adverse events of these supplements. Moreover, as occurs with DILI, diagnosis and causality assessment of DSILI is difficult given the absence of diagnostic tests or biomarkers, and causality assessment methods such as the Roussel Uclaf Causality Assessment Method (RUCAM) [1. An attempt to develop a specific scale for the causality assessment of HDS- DILI was made by the DILIN group, but it has not been validated and published [1. In this manuscript we aimed to make a tabular listing with a detailed description of potentially hepatotoxic DS as well as review the phenotype and severity of DSILI. Herbal products have been described elsewhere in other chapters of this special issue. A selective literature search in the Pub. Med was performed, using search term such as dietary supplements combined with the following: drug- induced liver injury, herb- induced liver injury, hepatotoxicity, liver damage, and hepatitis. Besides, an individual research was made for each DS related to hepatotoxicity. The search was primarily focused on English and Spanish language case reports, case series, and clinical reviews, published from 1. November 2. 01. 5. All citations in these reports were searched for other yet unidentified case reports, including cases with sufficient information published in other languages. Reported Cases of Dietary Supplements- Induced Liver Injury: A Tabular Listing. From overall publications, different DS were identified as being linked to hepatotoxicity, green tea extracts, linoleic acid, usnic acid, vitamin A, garcinia cambogia, ma huang, 1,3- DMAA and multi- ingredient products such as Herbalife products, Hydroxycut, Lipo. Kinetix, Oxy ELITE Pro and UCP- 1 and anabolic steroids illicitly sold as DS for bodybuilding. Anabolic androgenic steroids can be divided into two groups: legal AAS with a prescription from a physician for a medical condition and new designer steroids (“underground” drugs) that are not used clinically and are entirely illegal. Although strictly speaking none of them are DS, we have included illicit AAS in this manuscript because many of them are sold under the description of DS despite being conventional drugs (ATC classification system A1. A anabolic steroids). Table 1 summarizes information retrieved from original case reports and cases from DILI registries associated with the aforementioned DS. Tabular compilation of dietary supplements related to liver injury. Illiciti Androgenic Anabolic Steroids for Body Building. Anabolic androgenic steroids are synthetic derivatives of testosterone whose medical indications are mainly male hypogonadism, breast cancer, anemia and hereditary angioneurotic edema. However, several AAS such as stanozolol, methyltestosterone, oxandrolone, fluoxymesterone and danazol are also used without medical supervision for performance enhancement and muscle building purposes due to their anabolic effects, stimulating protein synthesis and positive nitrogen balance [2. There are numerous reported cases of liver injury due to bodybuilding products, most of them containing illicit anabolic steroids [1. Huge on-line catalog dedicated to the serious phone phreaker, casino cheater, fruit machine beater, dss and cable tv user, gambling hacker, magnetic stripe hacker. View and Download Toshiba SATELLITE P300 user manual online. Portable Personal Computer. SATELLITE P300 Laptop pdf manual download. · Many cable or satellite subscribers have a cable box (sometimes referred to as a set-top box) or satellite receiver. You can set up your TV signal to pass. Dish Network (often stylized as DISH Network) is an American direct-broadcast satellite service provider. The company provides satellite television, audio programming. Shop from the world's largest selection and best deals for TV Signal Finders. Shop with confidence on eBay! Bring the high quality Bell TV experience into your living room with the 6400 full-featured HD satellite receiver. The 6. 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That is exactly why many years ago I spent time just like you are now searching for a simple solution to playing this game. I spent hundreds of hours and thousands of dollars and came close to giving up. But I got lucky…and as you will soon see, so have you, right now…Because 1. I discovered Moe Norman…There are quite literally thousands of conventional golf methods out there and each one of them is extremely confusing. Watching tour players on TV hoping to catch a trick or two is just as confusing. ![]()
Book Review: The Slot Swing - Jim McLean. Click here to go to the index page. Introduction: Jim Mclean recently published a book [1] on the "slot swing" and in. Why is this so hard? I mean, all we are doing is swinging a metal stick at a stationary ball. It was only when I broken down the mechanics of swinging a golf club that I discovered the secret. And it was after watching this man that it suddenly became so clear. Moe Norman Simplified golf by intuitively discovering a golf swing that returns the club to impact with the least amount of moving effort and the maximum amount of efficiency. National group mailing out 2.8 voter application forms nationwide to “underrepresented” groups: unmarried women, people of color and millennials. One Plane Golf Swing: Pros and Cons: Is a one-plane swing right for you? An up-to-date, fast, searchable index of Fine Woodworking Magazine articles going back to issue number one. View and Download Factory Five Racing Mk4 Roadster assembly manual online. Mk4 Roadster Automobile pdf manual download. Look for yourself at Moe Norman’s swing and my golf swing. From the DTL view, you see that the club starts, swings and impacts on the Single Plane. Looking closely at these mechanics, you can see the bio- mechanically perfect body positions of the single plane swing as well as the perfect Single Plane club movement. From a face on view, you can see the efficiency of the body movement beginning with the simple straight line of the clubshaft and lead arm at address. From there you can see the proficient movement of the shoulders and the leverage position at the top of the swing. The downswing returns the club and the straight- line lead arm and clubshaft once again at impact and the release shows a powerful extension through the golf ball. Moe Norman’s golf swing simplified my golf swing and helped me become a better golfer. 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A hard disk drive (HDD), hard disk, hard drive or fixed disk[b] is a data storage device that uses magnetic storage to store and retrieve digital information using one or more rigid rapidly rotating disks (platters) coated with magnetic material. The platters are paired with magnetic heads, usually arranged on a moving actuator arm, which read and write data to the platter surfaces.[2] Data is accessed in a random- access manner, meaning that individual blocks of data can be stored or retrieved in any order and not only sequentially. HDDs are a type of non- volatile storage, retaining stored data even when powered off.[3][4][5]Introduced by IBM in 1. HDDs became the dominant secondary storage device for general- purpose computers by the early 1. Continuously improved, HDDs have maintained this position into the modern era of servers and personal computers. More than 2. 00 companies have produced HDDs historically, though after extensive industry consolidation most current units are manufactured by Seagate, Toshiba, and Western Digital. HDD unit shipments and sales revenues are declining, though production (exabytes per year) is growing. Flash memory has a growing share of the market for secondary storage, in the form of solid- state drives (SSDs). SSDs have higher data- transfer rates, higher areal storage density, better reliability,[7] and much lower latency and access times.[8][9][1. Though SSDs have higher cost per bit, they are replacing HDDs where speed, power consumption, small size, and durability are important.[1. The primary characteristics of an HDD are its capacity and performance. Capacity is specified in unit prefixes corresponding to powers of 1. TB) drive has a capacity of 1,0. GB; where 1 gigabyte = 1 billion bytes). Typically, some of an HDD's capacity is unavailable to the user because it is used by the file system and the computer operating system, and possibly inbuilt redundancy for error correction and recovery. Performance is specified by the time required to move the heads to a track or cylinder (average access time) plus the time it takes for the desired sector to move under the head (average latency, which is a function of the physical rotational speed in revolutions per minute), and finally the speed at which the data is transmitted (data rate). The two most common form factors for modern HDDs are 3. HDDs are connected to systems by standard interface cables such as PATA (Parallel ATA), SATA (Serial ATA), USB or SAS (Serial attached SCSI) cables. History[edit]. Video of modern HDD operation (cover removed)Hard disk drives were introduced in 1. IBM real- time transaction processing computer, and were developed for use with general- purpose mainframe and minicomputers. The first IBM drive, the 3. RAMAC in 1. 95. 6, was approximately the size of two medium- sized refrigerators and stored five million six- bit characters (3. In 1. 96. 2 the IBM 3. RAMAC disk storage unit was superseded by the IBM 1. Whereas the IBM 3. Cylinder- mode read/write operations were supported, and the heads flew about 2. Motion of the head array depended upon a binary adder system of hydraulic actuators which assured repeatable positioning. The 1. 30. 1 cabinet was about the size of three home refrigerators placed side by side, storing the equivalent of about 2. Access time was about a quarter of a second. Also in 1. 96. 2, IBM introduced the model 1. Users could buy additional packs and interchange them as needed, much like reels of magnetic tape. Later models of removable pack drives, from IBM and others, became the norm in most computer installations and reached capacities of 3. Non- removable HDDs were called "fixed disk" drives. Some high- performance HDDs were manufactured with one head per track (e. IBM 2. 30. 5 in 1. Known as fixed- head or head- per- track disk drives they were very expensive and are no longer in production.[3. In 1. 97. 3, IBM introduced a new type of HDD code- named "Winchester". Its primary distinguishing feature was that the disk heads were not withdrawn completely from the stack of disk platters when the drive was powered down. Instead, the heads were allowed to "land" on a special area of the disk surface upon spin- down, "taking off" again when the disk was later powered on. This greatly reduced the cost of the head actuator mechanism, but precluded removing just the disks from the drive as was done with the disk packs of the day. Instead, the first models of "Winchester technology" drives featured a removable disk module, which included both the disk pack and the head assembly, leaving the actuator motor in the drive upon removal. Later "Winchester" drives abandoned the removable media concept and returned to non- removable platters. Like the first removable pack drive, the first "Winchester" drives used platters 1. A few years later, designers were exploring the possibility that physically smaller platters might offer advantages. Drives with non- removable eight- inch platters appeared, and then drives that used a 5 1⁄4 in (1. The latter were primarily intended for the then- fledgling personal computer (PC) market. As the 1. 98. 0s began, HDDs were a rare and very expensive additional feature in PCs, but by the late 1. Most HDDs in the early 1. PC end users as an external, add- on subsystem. The subsystem was not sold under the drive manufacturer's name but under the subsystem manufacturer's name such as Corvus Systems and Tallgrass Technologies, or under the PC system manufacturer's name such as the Apple Pro. File. The IBM PC/XT in 1. MB HDD, and soon thereafter internal HDDs proliferated on personal computers. External HDDs remained popular for much longer on the Apple Macintosh. Many Macintosh computers made between 1. SCSI port on the back, making external expansion simple. Older compact Macintosh computers did not have user- accessible hard drive bays (indeed, the Macintosh 1. K, Macintosh 5. 12. K, and Macintosh Plus did not feature a hard drive bay at all), so on those models external SCSI disks were the only reasonable option for expanding upon any internal storage. The 2. 01. 1 Thailand floods damaged the manufacturing plants and impacted hard disk drive cost adversely between 2. Driven by ever increasing areal density since their invention, HDDs have continuously improved their characteristics; a few highlights are listed in the table above. At the same time, market application expanded from mainframe computers of the late 1. Technology[edit]Magnetic recording[edit]A modern HDD records data by magnetizing a thin film of ferromagnetic material[f] on a disk. Sequential changes in the direction of magnetization represent binary data bits. The data is read from the disk by detecting the transitions in magnetization. User data is encoded using an encoding scheme, such as run- length limited encoding,[g] which determines how the data is represented by the magnetic transitions. A typical HDD design consists of a spindle that holds flat circular disks, also called platters, which hold the recorded data. The platters are made from a non- magnetic material, usually aluminum alloy, glass, or ceramic, and are coated with a shallow layer of magnetic material typically 1. For reference, a standard piece of copy paper is 0. Diagram labeling the major components of a computer HDD. Recording of single magnetisations of bits on a 2. MB HDD- platter (recording made visible using CMOS- Mag. View).[3. 8]The platters in contemporary HDDs are spun at speeds varying from 4,2. The first HDDs spun at 1,2. As of December 2. HDDs spin at either 5,4. Information is written to and read from a platter as it rotates past devices called read- and- write heads that are positioned to operate very close to the magnetic surface, with their flying height often in the range of tens of nanometers. The read- and- write head is used to detect and modify the magnetization of the material passing immediately under it. In modern drives, there is one head for each magnetic platter surface on the spindle, mounted on a common arm. An actuator arm (or access arm) moves the heads on an arc (roughly radially) across the platters as they spin, allowing each head to access almost the entire surface of the platter as it spins. |
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